Which of the following software is primarily used for photo manipulation?

Adobe Photoshop is primarily used for photo manipulation due to its extensive features specifically designed for editing and enhancing photographs. It offers tools for tasks such as retouching, compositing images, and applying various effects and filters. Users can manipulate pixels directly, allowing for precise control over the image quality and artistic adjustments, making it the go-to software for photographers and graphic designers alike when dealing with raster images.

While other software options listed can perform some image-related tasks, none of them are tailored primarily for photo manipulation like Photoshop. Adobe InDesign is primarily aimed at layout design for print and digital publishing, Adobe Illustrator specializes in vector graphics, and Adobe XD focuses on user interface design and prototyping. Each of these tools serves distinct purposes, but Photoshop stands out as the dedicated solution for photo editing.