What does 'proximity' refer to in design?

In design, 'proximity' refers specifically to the placement of elements close together to create relationships among them. This principle is fundamental in organizing content effectively, as it helps to establish a visual and conceptual link between related items. When elements are positioned near each other, they are perceived as being part of a group, which can facilitate the viewer's understanding of the information being presented. For instance, in a layout where images and captions or related text blocks are grouped together, the audience can quickly grasp the connection, enhancing overall communication and clarity.

Utilizing proximity effectively can also guide the viewer's eye through the design and improve aesthetic balance. Bringing elements closer together can reduce clutter and make the composition more cohesive, contributing significantly to the overall effectiveness of the design.